Mitochondrion: Difference between revisions
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If organelle upgrades are enabled in game settings, ''both'' of the following conditions must also be true ''for the player cell'': | If organelle upgrades are enabled in game settings, ''both'' of the following conditions must also be true ''for the player cell'': | ||
* Contains '''[[Metabolosomes]]''' for at least ''' | * Contains at least '''4''' '''[[Metabolosomes]]''' for at least '''5''' generations in a row. | ||
* Produces at least '''+20''' '''ATP''' {{CompoundIcon|image=ATPIcon.png|internalName=atp}}. | * Produces at least '''+20''' '''ATP''' {{CompoundIcon|image=ATPIcon.png|internalName=atp}}. | ||
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'''Aerobic Respiration''': '''Glucose''' {{CompoundIcon|image=GlucoseIcon.png|internalName=glucose}} + '''Oxygen''' {{CompoundIcon|image=OxygenIcon.png|internalName=oxygen}} → '''ATP''' {{CompoundIcon|image=ATPIcon.png|internalName=atp}} + '''Carbon Dioxide''' {{CompoundIcon|image=CarbonDioxideIcon.png|internalName=carbondioxide}} | '''Aerobic Respiration''': '''Glucose''' {{CompoundIcon|image=GlucoseIcon.png|internalName=glucose}} + '''Oxygen''' {{CompoundIcon|image=OxygenIcon.png|internalName=oxygen}} → '''ATP''' {{CompoundIcon|image=ATPIcon.png|internalName=atp}} + '''Carbon Dioxide''' {{CompoundIcon|image=CarbonDioxideIcon.png|internalName=carbondioxide}} | ||
One of the main methods of energy production, superior to that in [[Metabolosomes]]. Requires a steady influx of '''Glucose''' {{CompoundIcon|image=GlucoseIcon.png|internalName=glucose}}. Rate scales with the concentration of environmental '''Oxygen''' {{CompoundIcon|image=OxygenIcon.png|internalName=oxygen}}. | One of the main methods of energy production, superior to that in '''[[Metabolosomes]]'''. Requires a steady influx of '''Glucose''' {{CompoundIcon|image=GlucoseIcon.png|internalName=glucose}}. Rate scales with the concentration of environmental '''Oxygen''' {{CompoundIcon|image=OxygenIcon.png|internalName=oxygen}}. | ||
== Modifications == | == Modifications == | ||
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== Scientific Background == | == Scientific Background == | ||
Mitochondria are bilayered (having both an inner and outer membrane) organelles that generate ATP through a process called Oxidative Phosphorylation. In this process, energy generated from the breakdown of nutrients (such as glucose and lipids) is used to generate a proton gradient across the inner membrane, which it can then use to convert ADP into ATP. | |||
While in the game, mitochondria are depicted as sausage-shaped organelles, their shape and size is actually very flexible. Mitochondria are constantly fusing together and splitting apart depending on the demands of the cell. They can even form large networks with other mitochondria within the cell. These dynamics are important for (among other things) regulating metabolism and mitochondrial quality control, as mitochondrial shape greatly affects their function. | |||
One notable aspect of the mitochondrion that separates it from most organelles is that it contains its own DNA. Because the mitochondrion was originally an independent organism that was acquired by a host cell, it contains DNA plasmids within its matrix (inside the inner membrane). Over time, the mitochondrion became more and more dependent on the host cell and lost its ability to live independently. | |||
While the mitochondrion is best known for being the powerhouse of the cell, it actually does so much more than provide energy. It is an integral part of programmed cell death, cell signalling, and the synthesis of various molecules such as phospholipids. Currently, there is research trying to understand these processes, as well as trying to uncover new roles that the mitochondrion plays. | |||
Latest revision as of 10:48, 14 January 2025
| Organelle Details | |
|---|---|
| Mitochondrion |  |
| |
| Base Cost (MP) | 45 |
| Requires Nucleus | Yes |
| Processes | Aerobic Respiration |
| Enzymes | None |
| Size (Hexes) | 2 |
| Osmoregulation Cost | 2 |
| Storage | 1 |
| Unique | No |
| Upgrades | None |
| Internal Name | mitochondrion |
The powerhouse of the cell. Mitochondria perform Aerobic Respiration, or the conversion of Glucose 
into ATP 
with the use of Oxygen 
. Mitochondria perform this function more efficiently than other organelles such as Metabolosomes.
Requirements
A cell must have a Nucleus to evolve Mitochondria.
If organelle upgrades are enabled in game settings, both of the following conditions must also be true for the player cell:
- Contains at least 4 Metabolosomes for at least 5 generations in a row.
- Produces at least +20 ATP .
Processes
Aerobic Respiration: Glucose + Oxygen → ATP + Carbon Dioxide 
One of the main methods of energy production, superior to that in Metabolosomes. Requires a steady influx of Glucose . Rate scales with the concentration of environmental Oxygen .
Modifications
No modifications.
Effects
No effects.
Upgrades
No upgrades.
Strategy
In environments with plentiful Glucose , Mitochondria are indeed the powerhouses of the cell. Be aware though that Glucose concentrations decrease as the game progresses, so we recommend switching to alternative energy sources if possible.
We also recommend replacing Metabolosomes with Mitochondria after evolving a Nucleus for far greater efficiency.
Scientific Background
Mitochondria are bilayered (having both an inner and outer membrane) organelles that generate ATP through a process called Oxidative Phosphorylation. In this process, energy generated from the breakdown of nutrients (such as glucose and lipids) is used to generate a proton gradient across the inner membrane, which it can then use to convert ADP into ATP.
While in the game, mitochondria are depicted as sausage-shaped organelles, their shape and size is actually very flexible. Mitochondria are constantly fusing together and splitting apart depending on the demands of the cell. They can even form large networks with other mitochondria within the cell. These dynamics are important for (among other things) regulating metabolism and mitochondrial quality control, as mitochondrial shape greatly affects their function.
One notable aspect of the mitochondrion that separates it from most organelles is that it contains its own DNA. Because the mitochondrion was originally an independent organism that was acquired by a host cell, it contains DNA plasmids within its matrix (inside the inner membrane). Over time, the mitochondrion became more and more dependent on the host cell and lost its ability to live independently.
While the mitochondrion is best known for being the powerhouse of the cell, it actually does so much more than provide energy. It is an integral part of programmed cell death, cell signalling, and the synthesis of various molecules such as phospholipids. Currently, there is research trying to understand these processes, as well as trying to uncover new roles that the mitochondrion plays.